Food varies hugely between different countries, and the same can be true of dining etiquette. In China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, people do not leave chopsticks sticking up in a bowl of rice, which is regarded as bad luck. Also, using chopsticks to point at someone is considered to be rude. Similarly, other places around the world have their own do's and don'ts and taboos about table manners.
不同國家之間的食物差異很大，用餐禮儀也是如此。在中國、日本、韓國和台灣，人們不會把筷子插在碗裡，這樣被認為是不吉利的。此外，用筷子指向某人也被視為是無禮的。同樣地，世界上的其他地方對餐桌禮儀也都有屬於當地的規矩和禁忌。
In some cultures, you must be careful about adding stuff to the dishes you are served. For instance, do not ask for salt and pepper in Portugal and Egypt or extra cheese in Italy. Doing so may be seen as an insult to the chef's cooking skills.
在某些文化中，在所提供的菜餚中添加東西時必須要小心。例如，在葡萄牙和埃及不可以要求鹽和胡椒，在義大利不可以要求額外的起司。這樣做可能會被視為對廚師烹飪技巧的一種侮辱。
In Ireland, when you visit someone's house for dinner, take flowers or a bottle of wine instead of going empty-handed. You will usually be offered tea, and it is seen as rude to refuse it. In France, people take eating very seriously. During the meal, diners tend to keep their hands in sight at all times. Some people say that, in the past, this showed you weren't hiding a gun under the table. In reality, though, it's just good manners. Above all, you should take your time over a meal, which the chef put a lot of effort into.
在愛爾蘭，當你去某人家吃晚餐時，帶上鮮花或一瓶酒，而不是兩手空空的去。通常人家會提供茶水給你，拒絕的話會被視為不禮貌。在法國，人們非常重視飲食。在用餐期間，用餐者往往會一直把手放在視線範圍內。有人說，在過去，這表明你沒有在桌子底下藏槍。但實際上，這只是禮貌。最重要的是，你應該慢慢地吃頓飯，因為它可是廚師大費周章所做出來的。
In addition, how you eat varies from place to place. In India and some Arab countries, forks and knives are generally not used for eating. Instead, people use their hands to eat solid food. This brings awareness of the texture and temperature of the food through the sense of touch. Visitors who have tried eating by hand usually enjoy it and say that the food tastes better. People in these countries only use the right hand. The left hand is mostly used in the restroom and is apparently unclean.
此外，飲食方式因地而異。在印度和一些阿拉伯國家，一般不使用刀叉吃飯。相反，人們用手來抓食固體食物。這可以使人透過觸覺來感受食物的質地和溫度。嘗試過用手吃的遊客通常會喜歡並說食物更好吃了。這些國家的人只用右手。左手主要用於洗手間，顯然不潔淨。
You should also be mindful about finishing a meal. In most cultures, leftover food may be taken as a hint that you didn't enjoy the meal. However, in some countries, such as Russia, Cambodia, and the Philippines, an empty plate might make your host think you weren't fed enough.
你還需要注意如何結束一頓飯。在大多數文化中，吃剩的食物可能暗示著你不喜歡這頓飯。但是，在某些國家，像是俄羅斯、柬埔寨和菲律賓，吃到不剩的空盤子可能會讓招待你的主人認為你沒吃飽。
If you want to make your trips abroad tasty and free of embarrassment, it is wise to become familiar with food etiquette. With all the various local eating customs, it is easy for the careless visitor to make a mistake. Do a little research to make sure you're not the ignorant foreign visitor.
如果你想讓你的旅行既美味又不會鬧笑話丟臉，熟悉飲食禮儀是明智之舉。由於各地的飲食習慣不勝枚舉，粗心的遊客很容易出錯。做一點研究，以確保自己不會當個無知的外國觀光客。
- custom [ˋkʌstəm] n.
習俗，慣例；習慣
It is a custom in Taiwan to have a family dinner on New Year's Eve.
It's Aunt Mary's custom to send hand-written letters instead of emails. - light [laɪt] v.
點燃；照亮
When you light the fireworks, make sure you stand back to be safe.
The lamp was bright enough to light the whole room. - light [laɪt] n.
光；燈
There are large windows in the apartment so it gets plenty of light.
I pressed the switch but the light didn't come on. - candle [ˋkænd!] n.
蠟燭
During the power cut I had to light candles to do my homework. - celebrate [ˋsɛlə͵bret] v.
慶祝
I plan to celebrate my next birthday with a dinner party. - celebration [͵sɛləˋbreʃən] n.
慶祝；慶祝活動
We took Mom to dinner in celebration of Mother's Day.
In this city, there is a huge and noisy celebration at New Year. - amusing [əˋmjuzɪŋ] adj.
有趣的，好笑的
The picnic was a success, with amusing activities. - amused [əˋmjuzd] adj.
愉快的
The hotel has plenty of activities to keep guests amused. - amuse [əˋmjuz] v.
提供娛樂，使愉快
If the rides at Disneyland don't amuse you, it has some great shows. - amusement [əˋmjuzmənt] n.
樂趣；消遣娛樂
John isn't serious about golf. He only plays the sport for amusement.
The hotel often arranges special events and amusements for its guests. - prefer [prɪˋfɝ] v.
寧可，偏好
I hate hot weather, and I actually prefer winter to summer. - preference [ˋprɛfərəns] n.
偏好，偏愛；偏愛的事物
Julie's preference for bright colors makes her clothes stand out.
Annie's musical preferences are very similar to mine. We both love jazz and rock music. - tradition [trəˋdɪʃən] n.
傳統，慣例
In this area there is an old tradition of singing and dancing during a wedding. - traditional [trəˋdɪʃən!] adj.
傳統的，慣例的
We celebrated Christmas in the traditional way, by giving each other presents. - strength [strɛŋθ] n.
力氣；強度
I don't have enough strength to move this heavy table by myself.
Jack found it difficult to express the strength of his feelings for Joanne. - strengthen [ˋstrɛŋθən] v.
增強；使鞏固
This exercise will help you strengthen your leg muscles.
Going on vacation together last year strengthened my friendship with Tom. - associate [əˋsoʃɪɪt] v.
聯想
I always associate this song with a trip I took to Japan. - association [ə͵sosɪˋeʃən] n.
聯想；關連
The popular association of Africa with poverty represents a narrow view.
Most scientists accept the association between carbon dioxide and climate change. - ideal [aɪˋdiəl] adj.
理想的，完美的
The island is an ideal place for a relaxing vacation. - ideal [aɪˋdiəl] n.
理想
Studying science at a top university is my ideal, and I'm sure I'll make it. - available [əˋveləb!] adj.
沒有交往對象的；有空的；可取得的
If your brother is still available, I know a nice girl that he may like.
Are you available for lunch on Thursday or Friday this week?
This item is only available through our website, and you can't find it in any other stores. - belief [bɪˋlif] n.
看法；信仰；信念
It's my belief that high school students are too young for romantic relationships.
The idea that pork is an unclean meat is part of certain religious beliefs.
To succeed in business, you must have strong belief in what you are doing. - memory [ˋmɛmərɪ] n.
記憶力；回憶
The boss has a good memory for the names of everyone in the office.
The terrible memories of the war stayed with Arthur for the rest of his life. - memorize [ˋmɛmə͵raɪz] v.
記住，熟背
We have to memorize this entire poem for Monday's class. - explanation [͵ɛkspləˋneʃən] n.
解釋，說明
There is no explanation for those strange lights in the sky last night.
Suddenly and without explanation, Jean stood up and left the room. - explain [ɪkˋsplen] v.
解釋，說明
The teacher asked John to explain why he was so late for the class. - apply [əˋplaɪ] v.
塗抹；應用，實施；申請
Apply a small amount of the cream to the wound.
The school has applied some new ways of teaching children.
That job would suit you, and you should apply for it. - application [͵æpləˋkeʃən] n.
應用；申請
The application of these methods can help you relax and deal with stress.
I'm expecting an email about my application to Yale University. - slippery [ˋslɪpərɪ] adj.
滑溜的
The fish was very slippery and fell out of my hands. - slip [slɪp] v.
滑跤；溜走
The path was very icy and I slipped several times.
Fiona slipped away before the party ended, and I didn't see her again that night. - consider [kənˋsɪdɚ] v.
認為；考慮
I know Lucas well, but I don't consider him to be a close friend.
Please consider my offer and give me an answer tomorrow. - consideration [kənsɪdəˋreʃən] n.
考慮
After serious consideration, Steven decided not to join the army. - practice [ˋpræktɪs] n.
慣例，習俗；施行
When I was in India, I found some of the religious practices very interesting.
Is Edward really going to put his crazy idea into practice? - unique [juˋnik] adj.
獨特的，獨一無二的
The band has won a lot of fans with its fun songs and unique style. - cultural [ˋkʌltʃərəl] adj.
文化上的
When you travel to another country, it is important to respect cultural differences. - culture [ˋkʌltʃɚ] n.
文化
The book is a study of South Pacific islanders and their culture. - worth [wɝθ] adj.
值得；有...價值的
The museum has a lot to see and is really worth visiting.
It's a nice jacket, but it isn't worth three thousand dollars. - worth [wɝθ] n.
價值
Nobody knows Mr. Price's exact worth, but he is a billionaire for sure. - worthy [ˋwɝðɪ] adj.
值得的
The young boy's bravery is worthy of a medal. - try out
試驗
Windsurfing looks fun, and I'd love to try it out this summer. - hold up
支撐住
That pole doesn't look strong enough to hold up such a big tent. - come across
偶然遇到
When we were hiking in the hills, we came across an old farmer with his sheep. - in that case
既然那樣，在那種情況下
John: My brother is picking me up later.
Janet: In that case, I won't wait for you. - make fun of
取笑，嘲弄
The first time she went to school in glasses, Dee's classmates made fun of her. - serve the purpose of
用於...目的
The mother bird's quick action served the purpose of protecting its young from a snake. - be supposed to
應該...的
I know cabbage is supposed to be good for me, but I hate its taste. - die out
過時；滅絕
Some languages in remote parts of the world are gradually dying out.
The dodo was a flightless bird that died out more than two centuries ago.
